HEI

Historical Exchange Index

A quiet registry of crypto exchanges, active and gone.

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Exchange record

GLBSE

Bitcoin-denominated asset and securities exchange founded by James McCarthy / Nefario. GLBSE operated as a central platform for trading Bitcoin economy shares and bonds, then abruptly closed in October 2012 amid legal, AML, tax, and regulatory concerns.

CEXDeadRegulation
Also known as: Global Bitcoin Stock Exchange, Bitcoin Global, GLBSE.com

Registry sequence

Key facts

Launch date
2011-05-01
Death date
2012-10-04
Years
2011–2012
Origin
United Kingdom
Confidence
high
Last verified
2026-04-29

URL handling

Preferred action
Use current URL handling based on status below.
URL status
Unknown
Original URL
https://glbse.com/
Archived URL

Summary

Bitcoin-denominated asset and securities exchange founded by James McCarthy / Nefario. GLBSE operated as a central platform for trading Bitcoin economy shares and bonds, then abruptly closed in October 2012 amid legal, AML, tax, and regulatory concerns.

Timeline

GLBSE launched
2011-05-01launchedmedium

GLBSE launched in 2011 as a Bitcoin-denominated asset and securities exchange for shares, bonds, and other Bitcoin economy assets.

GLBSE abruptly closed
2012-10-04shutdown_effectivecritical

GLBSE abruptly closed in October 2012. Contemporary reporting and community explanations cite legal, AML, tax, and regulatory concerns as the core closure rationale.

Evidence

Bitcoin Wiki2026-04-29community_referencemedium reliabilitylaunch_datearchive
Bitcoin Magazine2012-10-10news_articlemedium reliabilityentityarchive
Bitcoin Magazine2012-10-10news_articlemedium reliabilityeventarchive
Bitcointalk2012-10-08community_referencemedium reliabilityeventarchive
Bitcoin Stack Exchange2012-10-06community_referencelow reliabilitydeath_reasonarchive
Internet Archive2026-04-29archive_capturemedium reliabilityurl_historyarchive

Related records

Notes and record state

Record note
GLBSE was not a conventional fiat/crypto spot exchange; it is included as a historical Bitcoin-denominated asset / securities exchange. HEI uses regulation as the death_reason because contemporary reporting and community records cite AML, tax, and regulatory concerns as the stated closure rationale.
Revision state
Records may be incomplete, approximate, contested, or revised as better evidence becomes available.
This record may be incomplete or revised. Dead-side entries prefer archived URLs over original domains. Dates, causes, and classifications may change when stronger evidence becomes available. Contact / corrections

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